The Biochemistry of Argininosuccinate Lyase Deficiency Part II: More about Arginine

In the previous post, we talked about how Argininosuccinate Lyase is an enzyme in the urea cycle that catalyzes the reversible argininosuccinate, producing amino acid arginine and dicarboxylic acid fumarate.

So what exactly is Arginine?

(structure of L-Arginine)

Arginine in its 'L' form is a semi-essential α-amino acid. Because L-arginine is involved in many metabolic processes, it is significant for the execution of many physiological processes. These processes include hormone secretion, an increase in growth hormone output, the removal of toxic waste products from the body, and immune system defenses.

In the body, the amino acid arginine is a precursor of nitric oxide (NO). Nitric oxide is a powerful neurotransmitter that helps blood vessels relax and also improves circulation. it is often used for treating conditions such as chest cramping [angina], high blood pressure, heart disease, and sexual dysfunction. Arginine is also used in the treatment of male and female infertility.

There are also other functions of Arginine such as:

• Helping to reduce insulin resistance and increase glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes mellitus
• Amino acids supplement, such as Arginine is able to detoxify high level of ammonia as part of the urea cycle
• Arginine supports the production of collagen and is therefore an important contributor to bone growth

Even though the body normally makes enough of it, supplementation is sometimes needed. As our body is not able to produce sufficient amount of Arginine, it is important to consume food high in Arginine. 

Here are some examples of food that are high in Arginine:

1. Nut
2. Spinach and Lentils
3. Whole Grains
4. Red Meat
5. Seafood
6. Soy
7. Eggs